Electrical Faults: Causes, Analysis, Detection & Remedies

Day 1:

Introduction to fault analysis

• Introductions

• Goals - discussion

• Source of fault current

• Fault statistics

• Basic assumptions

• Short-circuit rating of the equipment

• Selecting the correct switchgear rating for fault duties

• Overview of the per-unit system

• One-line diagrams

• Sources of impedance data for all items of plant

• Tutorial to demonstrate the preparation of a system for the study

• Introduction to the engineering software used throughout the course to make complex and repetitive calculations as accurate as possible

• Closing discussion

Day 2:

Three-phase short-circuit currents

• Review - summary - discussion

• Manual calculation of three-phase short-circuit current

• Circuit reduction techniques

• Industrial systems

• Electricity supply systems

• Tutorial - based on attendees plant

• Cables subjected to short-circuit currents

• Compliance with regulations

• Closing discussion

Day 3:

Unsymmetrical fault conditions

• Review - summary - discussion

• Overview of symmetrical components

• Consideration of various fault types

• Sequence networks

• Consideration of phase shift in two-winding transformers

• Consideration of earth impedance

• Consideration of three-winding transformers

• Closing discussion

Day 4:

Representation of unsymmetrical faults in power systems

• Review - summary - discussion

• Fault diagrams

• Interconnected sequence networks

• Special considerations with reference to limitation of earth fault current

• Demonstration examples based on industrial power systems

• Closing discussion

Day 5:

Computer-based calculation of faults

• Review - summary - discussion

• Introduction to a scaled-down industrial program capable to model complex power systems under fault conditions

• Use of the software program in practical studies (checking manual calculations)

• Industrial standards

• Case studies of faults in a high voltage network

• Case study of faults in a low voltage network