WATER FLOW MEASUREMENT & CONTROL TECHNIQUES

DAY 1

INTRODUCTION AND MECHANICAL FLOWMETERS

• Introduction to the course, expectations from participants, review of the program

• Introduction o Sensors, Transducers, and Instrumentation Systems

• Examples

• Flow Terms and definitions: Mass flow, Volumetric flow rate, Pressure, Viscosity, Turbidity, Units, Laminar and Turbulent flows, Reynolds number, Bernoulli’s equation, Pipe Velocity Distributions, Pipe Fitting Losses.

• Examples

• Instrumentation Terms: Accuracy, Range, Span, Maximum error, Hysteresis, Repeatability and Reproducibility, Sensitivity, Resolution, Response time, Calibration Graphs.

• Examples

• Principles of Water Flow Measurement & Control

Day 2

MECHANICAL FLOWMETERS

• Devices; the principle of operation, application, and installation considerations of Invasive types:

  • Coriolis Flowmeter

  • Differential Pressure type flow meters

    • Orifice plate

    • Venturi tube

    • Flow nozzle

    • Dall flow tube

• Positive displacement flow meters (Volumetric Rotary Piston Type): the principle of operation, characteristics, sizing, and Installation.

• Turbine flow meters: Single jet, Multijet, Woltman, characteristics, Calibration Curve, Sizing & Selection, Installation & Accessories.

• Testing and calibration of water meters.

• Installation considerations, Maintenance, and troubleshooting of water meters.

DAY 3

ELECTRONIC FLOW METERS AND CONTROL DEVICE

• Electromagnetic Flow Meter: Theory of Operation, applications, limitations, characteristics, Installation recommendations.

• Ultrasonic Flow Meter (Transit Time Measurement): Prerequisites for measurement, Operating Principles, transducers, design variations, size ranges and limitations, applications & performance, installation, and troubleshooting.

• Insertion Magnetic Flow Meter: Operating principles, Advantages, Disadvantages, installation.

• Maintenance and calibration

Day 4

CONTROL DEVICES

• General Categories of Control Valves

• Rangeability, End Connections, Shutoff Capability

• Valve Sizing

• Choked Flow

• Control Valve Sizing and selection

• Control Valve Cavitation and Noise

• Piston, Electric, and Hydraulic Actuators

• Positioners

• Live Loading

• Diagnostic Testing of Control Loops

• Air-Operated Valves Diagnostics

• Motors-Operated Valves Diagnostics

DAY 5

SMART SENSORS, TRANSMITTERS, AND AMR SYSTEMS

• Microprocessors and Microcomputer Systems

• Smart Sensor Systems

• Intelligent (Smart) Transmitters

• Microprocessor-Based Transmitters (Smart Transmitters)

• Transmitter Options: 20 mA Current Lop, Fieldbus, Wireless

• Smart (Intelligent) Pressure Transmitters

• Advantages of Intelligent Instrumentation

• Comparison Between Intelligent and Non-Intelligent Instrumentation

• Stand-Alone Controllers

• Self-Tuning, Sequencing, and Networking

• HART Protocol

• Fieldbus Protocols: Profibus, Foundation Fieldbus

• Wireless HART Protocol

• Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System

• Other Wireless sensors and transmitters

• Wireless measurement readers

• Automatic meter reading

• Automatic meter systems